The British East India Company

The British East India Company was a chartered, joint-stock company based in London. The company was formed by British merchants and investors. The company wanted to enter the spice trade in the East Indies (now Indonesia) but basically they tried to enter in the Indian subcontinent. In 1600AD, the British East India Company charter was granted by Queen Elizabeth (1).
The British East India Company began as a simple investment mechanism through which merchants and members of the nobility could pool their money and send ships to Asia in search of valuable cargoes of spices, silk, tea, and other goods. After a certain period, it developed into a quasi-governmental entity in its own right, with control over a large area and a large private army.
The British East India Company's emergence to power wasn't completely mellifluous. In 1689AD, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb sent a fleet to attack the Company's base at Bombay after trade settlement between the parties broke down. The Mughals dismissed the British East India Company fort, and in 1690AD, British apostle had to lower himself before the Emperor and beg his forgiveness for their guilt so that the British East India Company could continue to run business in India.
At the Battle of Plassey (Palashi), On June 23, 1757AD, a joint force of the French and the Nawab of Bengal's troops were defeated by the British East India Company's army.
Defeated by the British East India Company's army, French lost efforts to establish trade in India. This victory effectively started to establish company rule in Bengal. The company owned much of the Indian subcontinent over the following century. Most of the areas, the British formed friendship with local leaders and appointed puppet rulers; besides, Company officials ruled directly.
In the end, Indian soldiers within the British East India Company army (called "sepoys") brought down the mighty Company. Sparked by rumors that the new rifle cartridges issued to them contained pork and beef tallow, an affront to both Hindus and Muslims, the Indian soldiers rose up in the Indian Revolt of 1857AD, which soon spread across India.
Although the British East India Company at last crushed the uprising and exiled the last Mughal emperor to Burma, the unrest was too much for the Home Government in London. In the "Government of India Act 1858AD," the British Crown assumed control of the Indian subcontinent and the British East India Company's armies. Queen Victoria became Empress of India. The Company was relegated to managing the tea trade until 1874AD, when it was dissolved entirely.